:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  --paper: #f8f9fb;
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --ink: #14161a;
  --muted: #5d6470;
  --line: #dfe3e8;
  --blue: #1f5fbf;
  --green: #097b68;
  --amber: #a75a21;
  --red: #9b3d4b;
  --shadow: 0 18px 45px rgba(24, 33, 45, 0.08);
  --max-width: 1160px;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans SC", "PingFang SC",
    "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

a {
  color: var(--blue);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--green);
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 20;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 28px;
  min-height: 68px;
  padding: 0 32px;
  background: rgba(248, 249, 251, 0.94);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.main-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  gap: 42px;
  flex: 1;
  overflow: visible;
  scrollbar-width: none;
}

.main-nav::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

.main-nav a {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.main-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.nav-dropdown {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 68px;
}

.nav-dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% - 10px);
  left: 50%;
  z-index: 30;
  display: grid;
  min-width: 260px;
  padding: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translate(-50%, 6px);
  transition:
    opacity 0.16s ease,
    transform 0.16s ease;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .nav-dropdown-menu,
.nav-dropdown:focus-within .nav-dropdown-menu,
.nav-dropdown.open .nav-dropdown-menu {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
  transform: translate(-50%, 0);
}

.nav-dropdown-menu a {
  display: block;
  padding: 9px 10px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.nav-dropdown-menu a:hover {
  background: #f1f4f8;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.language-toggle {
  width: 58px;
  height: 38px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.language-toggle:hover {
  border-color: var(--blue);
}

.hero-section {
  background:
    linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.08), rgba(9, 123, 104, 0.08) 54%, #fff 100%),
    var(--paper);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.hero-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 330px;
  gap: 72px;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  min-height: calc(100vh - 68px);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 74px 32px 82px;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 760px;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
p {
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 2.72rem;
  line-height: 1.08;
}

h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.72rem;
  line-height: 1.24;
}

h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.role-line {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.contact-line {
  margin-top: 6px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.hero-lead {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.hero-lead p {
  margin: 0;
}

.hero-lead p + p {
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.hero-interest {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(20, 22, 26, 0.14);
}

.portrait-frame {
  margin: 0;
}

.portrait-frame img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  background: #e9edf1;
}

.section-band {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.section-band.subtle {
  background: #f4f7f6;
}

.section-band.quiet {
  background: #f7f8fa;
}

.content-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 300px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 64px;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 74px 32px;
}

.compact-grid {
  padding-top: 62px;
  padding-bottom: 62px;
}

.teaching-grid,
.honors-grid,
.funded-projects-grid,
.academic-service-grid,
.student-destinations-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
}

.teaching-grid .section-heading,
.honors-grid .section-heading,
.funded-projects-grid .section-heading,
.academic-service-grid .section-heading,
.student-destinations-grid .section-heading {
  position: static;
  max-width: 860px;
}

.section-heading {
  position: sticky;
  top: 96px;
  align-self: start;
}

.section-heading .eyebrow {
  display: none;
}

.section-note {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.large-copy {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.research-direction-stack,
.research-project-stack {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.research-agenda-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
}

.research-agenda-grid .section-heading {
  position: static;
  max-width: none;
}

.research-agenda-grid .section-note {
  max-width: 1040px;
}

.work-section-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
}

.work-section-grid .section-heading {
  position: static;
  max-width: 980px;
}

.publications-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
}

.publications-grid .section-heading {
  position: static;
  max-width: 980px;
}

.research-direction-stack {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.research-direction-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--ink);
  transition:
    border-color 0.16s ease,
    box-shadow 0.16s ease,
    transform 0.16s ease;
}

.research-direction-card:hover {
  border-color: rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.45);
  color: var(--ink);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.research-direction-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.24rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.direction-copy p {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.direction-project-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  column-gap: 14px;
  row-gap: 8px;
  align-items: flex-start;
  margin-top: 15px;
}

.direction-project-links {
  display: inline-flex;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  min-width: 0;
}

.direction-project-list > span,
.direction-project-list a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 28px;
  padding: 3px 9px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: #f7f8fa;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.direction-project-list a:hover {
  border-color: rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.42);
  color: var(--blue);
  background: #f3f7ff;
}

.direction-project-list .direction-project-label {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  min-height: auto;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 750;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.direction-project-list .direction-project-links {
  min-height: auto;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.project-group {
  scroll-margin-top: 92px;
}

.project-group h3 {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 1.22rem;
}

.research-direction-card,
.work-card,
.story-card,
.pub-year-block {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.work-gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
}

.work-card {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.work-card.featured {
  border-color: rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.35);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.work-card-media {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 210px;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.08), rgba(9, 123, 104, 0.08)),
    #101719;
}

.work-card-media img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.work-card-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 22px;
}

.work-card-copy h3 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.work-card-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.learn-more-link {
  justify-self: start;
  margin-top: 4px;
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 750;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.learn-more-link:hover {
  color: var(--green);
}

.story-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.story-card {
  padding: 24px;
}

.story-card.featured {
  border-color: rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.35);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.story-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 750;
}

.meta-pill {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 26px;
  padding: 3px 9px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: #f1f3f6;
}

.story-question {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--amber);
  font-weight: 750;
}

.story-text {
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.tag-list,
.card-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
}

.tag-list {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 28px;
  padding: 3px 9px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.card-links {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.card-links a {
  font-weight: 750;
}

.detail-link {
  color: var(--green);
}

.pending-link {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 650;
}

.work-hero {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background:
    linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(31, 95, 191, 0.08), rgba(9, 123, 104, 0.08) 58%, #fff 100%),
    var(--paper);
}

.work-hero-inner {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 86px 32px 66px;
}

.work-back-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-bottom: 34px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.work-back-link:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.work-area {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.work-title {
  max-width: 860px;
  font-size: 2.42rem;
  line-height: 1.16;
}

.work-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.work-question {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  color: var(--amber);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.work-detail-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 340px;
  gap: 52px;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 68px 32px 78px;
}

.work-overview,
.resource-panel {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.work-overview {
  padding: 30px;
}

.work-overview h2,
.resource-panel h2 {
  font-size: 1.18rem;
}

.work-basic-copy p {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.resource-stack {
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
  align-self: start;
}

.resource-panel {
  padding: 22px;
}

.resource-panel ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  padding-left: 20px;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.resource-panel li {
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.publication-list-panel {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.publication-stack {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.publication-stack.is-collapsed {
  max-height: 980px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-stack.is-collapsed::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 120px;
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(248, 249, 251, 0), var(--paper) 82%);
}

.publication-toggle {
  justify-self: start;
  min-height: 42px;
  padding: 0 18px;
  color: var(--blue);
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 700;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(24, 33, 45, 0.06);
}

.publication-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--green);
  border-color: rgba(9, 123, 104, 0.35);
}

.publication-toggle[hidden] {
  display: none;
}

.ipads-publications {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.ipads-publications p {
  margin: 0 0 13px;
}

.ipads-publications p:has(.u) {
  margin: 20px 0 10px;
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.ipads-publications .u {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.ipads-publications a {
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.ipads-publications a:hover {
  color: var(--green);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.pub-year-block {
  padding: 22px 24px;
}

.pub-year-block h3 {
  color: var(--green);
}

.pub-year-block ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.pub-year-block li {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.plain-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  padding-left: 20px;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.standalone-list {
  align-self: start;
  margin-top: 0;
  max-width: 760px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.course-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
  align-self: start;
}

.course-item {
  padding: 20px 22px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(24, 33, 45, 0.05);
}

.course-item h3 {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.course-item h3 a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.course-item h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--green);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.course-item h3 span {
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.course-item p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.78;
}

.funded-project-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
  max-width: 980px;
}

.funded-project-item {
  padding: 18px 20px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(24, 33, 45, 0.05);
}

.funded-project-item h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.funded-project-item p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.academic-service-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 14px;
}

.service-panel {
  padding: 16px 17px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(24, 33, 45, 0.05);
}

.service-panel h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.service-panel ul {
  display: grid;
  gap: 6px;
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 17px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.student-destination-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  column-gap: 30px;
  row-gap: 12px;
  max-width: 980px;
}

.student-destination-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 0;
}

.student-destination-item h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.student-destination-item h3 a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.student-destination-item h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--green);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.student-destination-item p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .site-header {
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 0 18px;
  }

  .main-nav {
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 30px;
    overflow: visible;
  }

  .main-nav a {
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .hero-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 36px;
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 50px 20px 56px;
  }

  .portrait-frame {
    max-width: 280px;
  }

  h1 {
    font-size: 2.35rem;
  }

  h2 {
    font-size: 1.46rem;
  }

  .hero-lead {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
  }

  .content-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 26px;
    padding: 52px 20px;
  }

  .work-hero-inner {
    padding: 54px 20px 48px;
  }

  .work-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }

  .work-detail-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 22px;
    padding: 48px 20px 56px;
  }

  .work-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .student-destination-list {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .section-heading {
    position: static;
  }

}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  body {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .site-header {
    min-height: 62px;
  }

  .main-nav {
    display: none;
  }

  .language-toggle {
    margin-left: auto;
  }

  .research-direction-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .research-direction-stack {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .work-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .course-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .academic-service-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .student-destination-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .student-destination-item {
    grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .work-card-media {
    min-height: 170px;
  }

  .story-card,
  .research-direction-card,
  .pub-year-block {
    padding: 18px;
  }
}